Panorama of Cabauw, an agricultural area of The Netherlands

While carbon dioxide (CO₂) currently contributes to two-thirds of anthropogenic radiative forcing, the effects from other greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as methane and nitrous oxide,…

The Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc. (CUAHSI), in partnership with USGS, recently hosted a Virtual Workshop on Laser Specs for Field Hydrology and Biogeochemistry: Lessons Learned and Future Prospects. I was invited to present on Picarro and Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy as applied to hydrology and biogeosciences, and you can watch the webinar here…

By Guest Bloggers Stephen Good and Gabe Bowen: 

Well, we’re approaching the two-year anniversary of Hurricane Sandy, and we figured it would be a good time to reminisce about that intensive sample storm that swirled through our Utah lab after the floodwaters of Sandy subsided in New Jersey …

The idea behind conducting large-scale isotope research during what…

By Renato Winkler, Picarro Application Scientist -- Some weeks ago, I was invited to join and assist an International Atomic Energy Agency Regional Training Course on nitrogen management. The two week technical course was hosted at the IAEA laboratory in Seibersdorf outside Vienna, and was held in parallel to the Global Soil Week hosted at the IAEA headquarters in Vienna. Approximately…

We developed our water stable isotope analyzers, system peripherals, and accessories to give research scientists a less-expensive, easier-to-use solution for precise, accurate isotopic measurements. They’ve been used successfully in freshwater research for over a decade. More recently, scientists have tested our analyzers and systems, and we’ve continued to develop accessories to ensure…

Picarro G2204 气体浓度分析仪可同步精确测量甲烷（CH₄）和硫化氢（H₂S），灵敏度为十亿分率（ppb），针对垃圾填埋场、炼油厂、造纸厂或工业厂房的排放测量所产生的漂移可忽略不计。这款分析仪可针对静态监测应用在几分钟内安装完毕，也可以针对超出警戒线的远程量化排放应用，采用美国环境保护署地理空间方法（EPA 其它测试方法 OTM 33）进行耦合。

• 同步连续测量 CH₄ 和 H₂S 的浓度
• 十亿分率（ppb）灵敏度、精度和准确度，具有极低的漂移
• 用于静态监测或超出警戒线的远程量化排放的应用
• 结构坚固耐用，对环境温度变化不敏感

CH…

      Picarro 小样品进样模块（SSIM2）设计用于通过 Picarro 分析仪处理少量气体样品。

     最初，由于气袋或注射器的注入量在 1-20 毫升之间，加上 SSIM 设计的限制，单次引入的样品浓度最高只能达到原始浓度的 94%。现在，我们对该方法稍作修改，以扩展 SSIM 的功能，从而在同位素分析仪和浓度分析仪上进行更精确的浓度测量。SSIM 设计中固有的稀释效应进一步降低，这意味着现在的样品浓度测量可以达到原始浓度值的 99.4%，而不会影响同位素精度。

 …

　　我们之前发表过有关碳封存的博客，这也是我们密切关注的话题。本周早些时候您可能读到过关于 Saskatchewan 批准商业规模碳捕获和封存（CCS）项目的计划。…

　　温室气体二氧化碳 （CO2） 是人类使用碳基燃料活动的产物，例如家庭供暖、汽车和制造厂等等。但二氧化碳也有许多天然来源，如土壤、火山和所有呼吸的生物。因此，气候学家和公民科学家等都应该问的一个问题是：“你怎么知道二氧化碳的增加是由人类活动造成的？”

　　科学家有两种方法可以测量二氧化碳的“人类”来源（我们称之为人源二氧化碳）和二氧化碳的“自然”来源（我们称之为生物源二氧化碳）。第一种方法是使用放射性同位素碳-14（或 14C）。这种同位素在某些情况下用于测定物体的年龄（因此有“放射性碳年代测定法”一词），也可用于测定大气中二氧化碳的年龄。测量二氧化碳的年龄对于确定多少二氧化碳是人源的，多少是生物源的有多大作用? 很多人源二氧化碳是化石燃料燃烧的结果，就像它的名字所暗示的那样，已经非常非常古老了（有数千万到数亿年的历史）。…

　　这里有两个简单却能唤起您回忆的短语。翼下吊舱。无人机。心动吗？至少我们是这样的。6 月下旬，日本宇宙航空研究开发机构 （JAXA） 与位于加利福尼亚州帕萨迪纳市的美国国家航空航天局 （NASA） 下属的喷气推进实验室 （JPL） 合作展开了 Railroad Valley 替代标定活动。作为该活动的一部分，来自 NASA 艾姆斯研究中心的一组顶级科学家部署了三台 Picarro 分析仪。其中一台部署在一架阿尔法喷气机的翼下吊舱中，飞上了 25000 英尺的高空。还有一台部署在一架无人机的鼻锥体上。第三台在地面上的帐篷里。这次演习令人印象深刻，我们从中采集到了一些数据。这张照片上是 NASA 有效载荷集成工程师Richard Kolyer（左）在 NASA 艾姆斯研究中心的飞机库里向 Picarro 研发总监Chris Rella（右）展示无人机设备。此外，我想补充的是，…

Prior to Picarro, I was on the academic path. I completed my PhD under the supervision of a brilliant scientist, then scored a post-doc position with a highly regarded researcher doing cutting-edge work that gained attention from the press (and also happened to be in Hawaii). But I rapidly discovered that I was not too gaga about the academic life. The grant writing process and being…

It's commonly said here at Picarro that our customers have more interesting lives than we do -- we're always receiving fantastic photos of someone with one of our instruments in some remote and often idyllic field location. We thought it would be fun to periodically share some of the amazing locations where our customers are doing field work. Here are the five that we've come up with this…

One thing I probably do a little too much of in this job is travel. While it can be a hassle, you do get to see a lot of places, meet a lot of interesting people and grow on both personal and professional levels. And like all matters in life, there are the little things that bring a smile to your face; learning cultural stereotypes are indeed expressed through national train operations;…

　　大气中的二氧化碳（CO₂）和甲烷（CH₄）包括各种天然和人为来源，对全球变暖产生了巨大影响。在空间和时间上了解这些排放量的大小和分布对于评估当前和未来的气候影响至关重要。通常使用两种痕量分子来研究各种来源（和输入）的相对重要性：CH₄ 中的 d¹³C 和 CO₂ 中的 d¹³C。尽管每种排放源类型的范围相当宽并且可以彼此重叠，但生物源的甲烷相对于非生物源甲烷具有较轻的同位素比。

　　在本次网络研讨会重播中，Felix Vogel（LSCE 研究员）和 David Kim-Hak（Picarro 产品经理）将向您介绍如何使用一流的…

Picarro G2301 气体浓度分析仪可同步精确测量二氧化碳（CO₂）、灵敏度为十亿分率（ppb）的甲烷（CH₄）和灵敏度为百万分率（ppm）的水汽（H₂O），针对大气科学、空气质量和量化排放应用所产生的漂移可忽略不计。这款分析仪符合世界气象组织（WMO）和综合碳观测系统（ICOS）针对 CO₂ 和 CH₄ 大气监测方面的性能要求。

• 同步连续测量三种大气痕量气体
• 十亿分率（ppb）灵敏度、精度和准确度，具有极低的漂移
• 符合 WMO 和 ICOS 国际环境大气监测要求
• 具有水汽校正功能，自动报告干气摩尔分数

对于 CO_2…

Picarro G2210-i 同位素分析仪专为满足科学界实施实时甲烷排放源归属的需求而设计。高精度测量大气中甲烷和乙烷的功能与二氧化碳和水汽测量相结合，为用户提供一种用来测量并确定垃圾填埋场、压裂站和废弃油气井等甲烷排放源的独特工具。 

• 同步测量 δ¹³CH₄ 及 C₂H₆-CH₄ 比率
• 测量 CO₂ 和水汽，并报告干气摩尔分数
• 现场可部署，实现实时 CH₄ 排放源归属分析
• 小型腔体（35 mL），实现快速样品转换时间

Picarro G2210-i…

        Picarro L2130-i 同位素分析仪可实现水稳定同位素的高质量测量，适用于古气候学、水文学和海洋学等严苛应用。运用各种 Picarro 外围设备，可以对取自液体、气体和固体的水样品进行 δ¹⁸O 和 δD 高精度测量。

• 高精度测量 δ¹⁸O 和 δD
• 最小漂移：每天校准一次，同时实现亚 ppm 精度测量
• 灵活测量取自液体、气体和固体的水样品
• 占用空间较小，设计坚固耐用，用户界面直观

        对于 δ^18…

　　如果你听到 Picarro 的任何人谈论关于全球碳、水和氮循环的全新见解 - “这事实上是地球上所有生命的基石” - 我们指的是 Picarro 的CRDS 技术提供的关于构成这些生命循环的分子的信息 - 尤其是它们的稳定同位素特征。

什么是同位素，你理解的稳定同位素是指什么？

　　同位素是同一化学元素的两种或多种原子之一，其原子具有相同数目的质子（即相同的原子序数），在核中具有不同数量的中子（不同的原子量）。稳定的同位素是不具有放射性的化学同位素 - 也就是说，它们不随时间自然衰变…

Picarro G2508 气体浓度分析仪能够以十亿分之一（ppb）灵敏度同步测量氧化亚氮（N₂O）、甲烷 （CH₄）、二氧化碳（CO₂）、氨 （NH₃），同时以百万分之一（ppm）灵敏度测量水汽 （H₂O）。对于农业土壤科学，生态学和量化排放而言，漂移可忽略不计。这款分析仪可在开放式或封闭式系统中运行，并且能够轻松与腔室系统进行集成。

• 同步连续测量 N₂O、CH₄、CO₂、NH₃ 和 H₂O
• 十亿分率（ppb）灵敏度，可实现优异的上升速率定量
• 快速响应时间和连续测量功能，…

Picarro has developed a field-deployable, real time, ambient gas monitor capable of measuring atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia with parts-per-billion (ppbv) sensitivity and water vapor with parts-per-million (ppmv) sensitivity. Results from field trials of three different CO2 analyzers at Harvard, Penn State, and the NOAA facility in Boulder CO…

Description of field-deployable instrumentation that measures carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor with both high-accuracy and high-precision would reduce the uncertainty in the determination of terrestrial sources and sinks of these dominant greenhouse gases.

Results presented from field trials at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute and laboratory tests at INSTAAR of a newly available analyzer capable of performing continuous measurements of stable isotopes (δD and δ18O) of liquid water and / or water vapor samples.

Picarro has developed an isotope analyzer for lab and field measurements of carbon isotopes in CO₂ with the goal of allowing turnkey analysis to be done without the need for flask samples and complex IRMS methods. Here we present a description of the analyzer and its technology as well as recent results from two different collaborators who utilized the analyzer.

Describing work by CSIRO, CO2 CRC and Picarro to characterize sequestration site leaks using tracers and isotopes.

Describes the first field data taken by Oregon State University of Picarro's dual-species Eddy-Covariance analyzer.

Describes work by INSTAAR, NOAA & Picarro on both liquid water and water vapor measurements of stable water isotopes.

From the EGU 2009 General Assembly, describing measurements of edible oils and chocolates made with Picarro's iTOC-CRDS Isotopic Carbon Analyzer.

Describes specific design aspects of WS-CRDS-based analyzers and how these details result in ultra-stable field measurements.

Describes how CRDS works and shows hydrogen, oxygen and carbon isotope data for water vapor, evapotranspiration, food and agricultural applications.

Describes liquid water and water vapor isotope measurements with the Picarro isotopic water analyzer.

Describes field testing of Picarro's fast analyzer for eddy covariance flux measurements of greenhouse gases.

Describes results of laboratory testing and field campaigns with Picarro's flight-ready greenhouse gas analyzer.

Describes results from a Picarro N2O analyzer based in the mid-infrared spectral region.

Describes a newly-developed analyzer for tracer-based measurements and shows results from field work using such a system.

Describes recent developments in GC-C-CRDS-based instrumentation applied to isotope measurements in large molecules.

Describes the flexibility of Picarro's fast water isotope analyzer for applications requiring very short sample-to-sample measurement times and shows data taken in lab and field measurements.

Describes recent developments in CRDS instrumentation in the mid-infrared spectral region for applications using N2O isotopologue and trace concentration measurements.

Describes field work conducted with Picarro water isotope analyzer for both water vapor and liquid water samples.

Describes use and methods for stable isotope-based food adulteration testing using Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometry.